Polycarbonate plastic materials offer a great blend of helpful features which include temperature resistance, impact resistance and optical properties position polycarbonates between commodity plastics and engineering plastic materials.
Polycarbonate is a very rugged material. Whilst it has exceptional impact-resistance, it's got minimal scratch-resistance and thus a hard coating could be applied to polycarbonate eyewear as well as polycarbonate exterior automotive equipment. The properties associated with polycarbonate are generally along the lines of those of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, acrylic), and yet polycarbonate is definitely stronger, it is usable in a wider temperature range and is a bit more expensive. This plastic polymer is highly transparent to visible light and it has better light transmission characteristics than many kinds of glass.
Polycarbonate has a glass transition temperature near 150 °C (302 °F), as a result it softens slowly above this point and flows above about 300°C (572 °F). Tools will have to be held at warm to high temperatures, generally above 80 °C (176 °F) to produce strain- and reduced stress products.
Unlike most thermoplastics, polycarbonate can undergo dramatic shape changes without cracking. For that reason, for small changes in shape, it can be processed and formed without needing to be heated using standard sheet metal techniques, which include forming bends on a brake. For even sharp angle bends having a tight radius, no heating is generally necessary. This makes it attractive prototyping applications where transparent or electrically non-conductive parts are essential, which may not be made from sheet metal. Keep in mind that PMMA/Plexiglas, which happens to be similar in looks to polycarbonate, but is brittle and cannot be bent with out a heating process.
Polycarbonate is often used in eye protection, along with other projectile-resistant see through or lighting applications that would normally indicate the use of glass, but require greater impact-resistance. Many different types of lenses are created from polycarbonate, including automotive headlamp lenses, lighting lenses, sunglass/eyeglass lenses, swimming and SCUBA goggles, and safety visors for use in sporting helmets/masks and police riot gear. Windscreens in small motorized vehicles are normally made up of polycarbonate, such as for motorcycles, ATVs, golf carts, and small planes and helicopters.
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